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SMS Berlin
SMS ''Berlin'' ("His Majesty's Ship ''Berlin''") was the third member of the seven-vessel , built by the Imperial German Navy. Throughout her over 40-year-long career, she served with the Imperial Navy, the ''Reichsmarine'', and the ''Kriegsmarine''. She was built by the Imperial Dockyard in Danzig, laid down in 1902, launched in September 1903, and commissioned into the High Seas Fleet in April 1905. Armed with a main battery of ten guns and two torpedo tubes, ''Berlin'' was capable of a top speed of .
''Berlin'' served in the reconnaissance forces of the High Seas Fleet from her commissioning to 1911, when she was sent abroad for overseas duties. She returned to the scouting forces the following year, where she remained through the first two years of World War I. She spent 1916 as a minelayer, and was disarmed in 1917. She was one of six cruisers permitted to Germany by the Treaty of Versailles, and she remained in service with the new ''Reichsmarine'' through the 1920s as a training ship. She was withdrawn from active duty in 1929, and later used as a barracks ship by the ''Kriegsmarine'', a role she filled through World War II. After the end of the war, she was loaded with chemical weapons and scuttled in the Skagerrak.
==Construction==
(詳細はErsatz'' and was laid down at the Imperial Dockyard in Danzig in 1902 and launched on 22 September 1903, after which fitting-out work commenced. She was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 4 April 1905.〔Gröner, pp. 102–104〕 The ship was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of forward. She displaced at full combat load.〔Gröner, p. 102〕 Her propulsion system consisted of two triple-expansion engines, designed to give for a top speed of . The engines were powered by ten coal-fired Marine-type water-tube boilers. ''Berlin'' carried up to of coal, which gave her a range of at . She had a crew of 14 officers and 274–287 enlisted men.〔Gröner, pp. 102–103〕
The ship was armed with ten 10.5 cm SK L/40 guns in single mounts. Two were placed side by side forward on the forecastle, six were located amidships, three on either side, and two were placed side by side aft. The guns could engage targets out to . They were supplied with 1,500 rounds of ammunition, for 150 shells per gun. She was also equipped with two torpedo tubes with five torpedoes. They were submerged in the hull on the broadside. In 1915, ''Berlin'' was modified to carry 80 naval mines.〔Gröner, p. 103〕 The ship was protected by an armored deck that was up to thick. The conning tower had thick sides, and the guns were protected by thick shields.〔
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